CHICAGO – The economy is weakening, home sales are plunging, and stocks are on a long slide. Now comes something even scarier for investors – the beginning of what is traditionally the worst month in the market.

Could stocks be headed for another September swoon?

“If history is any guide, for it’s never gospel, we may be in for another rough ride,” says Sam Stovall, chief investment strategist at Standard & Poor’s.

Mutual fund managers tend to clean house after Labor Day, taking profits on winning stocks and weeding out portfolios before putting out the rosiest possible end-of-quarter reports for their clients.

Workers coming back from summer breaks are also inclined to sell stocks as they get their financial affairs in order. Any festering issues with the economy or stocks during the summer, when trading volume is light, tend to get put off until fall.

The result: September is usually a dog of a month for the market. It typically starts with solid market increases, then tails off, says Jeffrey Hirsch, editor-in-chief of the Stock Trader’s Almanac.

“There’s just a general selling bias in the month of September,” he says.

Four times in the past decade alone, the S&P 500 shed at least 5 percent in September. The average September decline since 1950 is 0.6 percent, according to the Stock Trader’s Almanac. February is the next worst, with an average 0.2 percent loss.

Of course, investors haven’t forgotten that the financial world collapsed in September just two years ago. And the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks, which delivered a devastating blow to the stock market, remain a painful memory.

This year, there’s a lot to frown about. The S&P 500 index is down 14 percent from its high in April, and it was down 5 percent for the month of August.

Stocks have fallen because the economic recovery is faltering. The economy has slowed to anemic growth, home sales the last three months are the worst on record, consumer spending is lackluster, and unemployment is stuck near 10 percent.

“I don’t think it would take a whole lot to get investors to start selling and consumers to start pulling back again,” says Mark Zandi, chief economist at Moody’s Economy.com. “The collective psyche is on edge.”